RELATIVE CLAUSE

 Relative clause

Who

It is used to refer to people, and sometimes to animals. Example:

She is the woman who helped me yesterday.

They are the people who we beat.

The boss, who is 56 years old, loves rugby.

She plays tennis with Sam, who she met at school.

Which

It works for objects and animals. Example:

She has a cottage which they can use for the weekend.

Those are the trains which always break down.

The book, which costs €20, is a bestseller.

We all made it on time, which helped things run smoothly.

That

It can be used both for people and for objects and animals:. Example:

It's the flat that I want!

I'm the one that gave you away.

The chair, that I use for meetings, broke this morning.

Sally, that is from Australia, always wins.

whose

It exercises the function of possessive for people, animals and things. Example:

Is that the man whose hairpiece fell into the river?

He's the captain whose hands were cut off.

These trees, whose fruit I'm allergic to, are beautiful.

My dog, whose father lived to be 22, is now 18 years old.

Whom

It is useful in formal contexts. Example:

That's the woman whom he married.

The girl with whom I was talking to was his daughter from him.

Sally, whom I met at the party, is the director.

The doctor, whom I was hoping to see, wasn't on duty.

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